Parallel Manipulator
Parallel Robot
Parallel Mechanism Robot
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What is Parallel Manipulator?
Parallel manipulator, also known as parallel robot or parallel mechanism robot, is formed by connecting a moving platform and a fixed platform through two or more independent moving branches. It is usually composed of a base, multiple motion branches and actuators connected at the ends of the motion branches. These branches can move simultaneously. Therefore, it can achieve high-precision and high-speed positioning and operation. Compared with traditional serial robot, parallel robot has two or more degrees of freedom and a closed-loop structure driven in a parallel manner. Structurally, parallel robot has higher rigidity and load capacity. The load is shared by multiple moving branches which leads to a high stiffness. High precision stems from sharing rather than cumulative joint errors.
Structure and Working Principle of Parallel Manipulator
Structure
Parallel manipulator is usually composed of multiple parallel rigid rods, each of which is connected at a point through a joint. These rods can move simultaneously to achieve the overall movement of the robot. Its structure mainly consists of the moving platform, the fixed platform, the driving arm, the passive arm and the intermediate shaft.
Parallel manipulator is usually composed of multiple parallel rigid rods, each of which is connected at a point through a joint. These rods can move simultaneously to achieve the overall movement of the robot. Its structure mainly consists of the moving platform, the fixed platform, the driving arm, the passive arm and the intermediate shaft.
Working Principle
The working principle of the parallel manipulator is based on inverse kinematics. Through computer or mechanical means, the target pose is inversely solved as the joint angles of each rod of the robot. In this way, the parallel robot can achieve precise movement under the given positioning posture. Parallel robot is usually composed of upper and lower motion platforms and two or more motion branches. One or more closed-loop mechanisms are formed between the side branches and the motion platforms. By adjusting the motion states of each branch, the mechanism can obtain multiple degrees of operational freedom.
The working principle of the parallel manipulator is based on inverse kinematics. Through computer or mechanical means, the target pose is inversely solved as the joint angles of each rod of the robot. In this way, the parallel robot can achieve precise movement under the given positioning posture. Parallel robot is usually composed of upper and lower motion platforms and two or more motion branches. One or more closed-loop mechanisms are formed between the side branches and the motion platforms. By adjusting the motion states of each branch, the mechanism can obtain multiple degrees of operational freedom.
Features of Parallel Manipulator
High precision and no cumulative error
Flexible placement of actuators
High rigidity and compact structure
Equal performance in every direction
Smaller occupation space
Efficient power transmission
Flexible placement of actuators
High rigidity and compact structure
Equal performance in every direction
Smaller occupation space
Efficient power transmission
Advantages and Disadvantages of Parallel Manipulator
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Low inertia | Low flexibility |
| Compact structure | Limited working range |
| Strong load capacity | Complex path planning and control |
| High speed and efficient | Difficult adaptability and scalability |
| High accuracy and stability | High installation and maintenance cost |
Serial Robot vs Parallel Robot
Serial Robot
Parallel Robot
| Feature | Parallel Robot | Serial Robot |
|---|---|---|
| Working Space | Small | Large |
| Structural Rigidity | High | Low |
| Load Ability | High | Low |
| Speed | Fast | Slow |
| Accuracy and Repeatability | High | Low |
| Power transmission | High | Low |
How to Choose the Right Parallel Manipulator?
Working Space: Assess the working space and the requirements, including the maximum extension distance, working height, coverage angle, etc.
Sensor: Choose advanced sensor or computer vision which can handle more precise and reliable operations
Load ability: Determine the weight and size of the objects which can be handled and operated by robot
Moving speed: Assess the maximum speed, acceleration and the time required to complete one working cycle of the parallel robot
Environmental adaptability: Consider the requirements of the working environment such as temperature, humidity, etc.
How to Maintain Parallel Manipulator?
Mechanical Components Maintenance
- Inspect linkage, joint, and linear guide
- Replace worn mechanical component
- Lubricate moving part regularly
Electrical System Maintenance
- Check cable, connector, motor, and sensor
- Ensure stable electrical connection
- Clean dust and dirt from electrical part
Software Maintenance
- Update control software regularly
- Back up program and system data
- Restore setting if system errors occur
Parallel Manipulator
Parallel Manipulator Application
SMT Production
Electronic Equipment Assembly
Food Packaging
Beverage Filling
Pharmaceutical Sorting
Cosmetic Assembly
Injection Molded Parts Removal
Stamping Parts Transfer
Express Picking and Sorting
Biological Sample Processing
Semiconductor Packaging
Photovoltaic Panel Assembly
FAQ of Parallel Manipulator
What is parallel in robotics?
In robotics, "parallel" refers to a type of robot architecture where the moving platform is connected to the base by multiple independent arms. These structures are called parallel robots or parallel manipulators.
What is the difference between serial robot and parallel robot?
Parallel robot is used in the production which requires high speed, precision, and rigidity. Unlike serial robot, the parallel robot uses multiple arms working together, which makes it faster and more stable. This makes it ideal for applications like electronics industry and surgical systems.
What are the uses of parallel robot?
Parallel robot is used in various applications requiring high speed, precision, and payload capacity, including architecture manufacturing, medical equipment manufacturing. The unique architecture, with multiple arms connected to a single platform, allows for dynamic performance.
What is an example of a parallel manipulator?
An example of a parallel manipulator is the Stewart platform. It uses six extendable actuators to control the position and orientation of a platform in 6 degrees of freedom. It is commonly used in construction industry, medical field and so on.
Why is parallel maniplator faster than serial robot?
As multiple actuators work simultaneously, parallel robot shares the load and reduces the movement. In contrast, serial robot moves joints one after another along a branch, which can be slower and less stable at high speeds.
What is a parallel technique?
A parallel technique refers to a method where multiple processes or actions are performed simultaneously to improve speed, efficiency, or accuracy. It often means using multiple arms or actuators working together at the same time.
Can a parallel robot perform complex tasks?
Yes. Parallel robot handles complex tasks such as surgery, flight simulation, and precision assembly. The structure allows for accurate and stable movements, making it suitable for demanding applications.
How safe is parallel robot in medical procedure?
Parallel robot provides high accuracy and stability. These features reduce the risk of errors during surgery. Hospitals use it for tasks that require careful and precise movements. Motion limits and real-time monitoring are also integrated to prevent errors and ensure patient safety.